冠状质量弹出(CME)是最地理化的空间天气现象,与大型地磁风暴有关,有可能引起电信,卫星网络中断,电网损失和故障的干扰。因此,考虑到这些风暴对人类活动的潜在影响,对CME的地理效果的准确预测至关重要。这项工作着重于在接近太阳CME的白光冠状动脉数据集中训练的不同机器学习方法,以估计这种新爆发的弹出是否有可能诱导地磁活动。我们使用逻辑回归,k-nearest邻居,支持向量机,向前的人工神经网络以及整体模型开发了二进制分类模型。目前,我们限制了我们的预测专门使用太阳能发作参数,以确保延长警告时间。我们讨论了这项任务的主要挑战,即我们数据集中的地理填充和无效事件的数量以及它们的众多相似之处以及可用变量数量有限的极端失衡。我们表明,即使在这种情况下,这些模型也可以达到足够的命中率。
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Sunquakes are seismic emissions visible on the solar surface, associated with some solar flares. Although discovered in 1998, they have only recently become a more commonly detected phenomenon. Despite the availability of several manual detection guidelines, to our knowledge, the astrophysical data produced for sunquakes is new to the field of Machine Learning. Detecting sunquakes is a daunting task for human operators and this work aims to ease and, if possible, to improve their detection. Thus, we introduce a dataset constructed from acoustic egression-power maps of solar active regions obtained for Solar Cycles 23 and 24 using the holography method. We then present a pedagogical approach to the application of machine learning representation methods for sunquake detection using AutoEncoders, Contrastive Learning, Object Detection and recurrent techniques, which we enhance by introducing several custom domain-specific data augmentation transformations. We address the main challenges of the automated sunquake detection task, namely the very high noise patterns in and outside the active region shadow and the extreme class imbalance given by the limited number of frames that present sunquake signatures. With our trained models, we find temporal and spatial locations of peculiar acoustic emission and qualitatively associate them to eruptive and high energy emission. While noting that these models are still in a prototype stage and there is much room for improvement in metrics and bias levels, we hypothesize that their agreement on example use cases has the potential to enable detection of weak solar acoustic manifestations.
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